This study aimed to evaluate the effect of L-arginine on qualitative characteristics and fatty acid profile of ROSS 308 aged broiler breeder roosters’ sperm. Twelve breeder roosters at age of 52 week were used in a completely randomized design with three treatments and four replicates in each treatment for eight consecutive weeks. Experimental groups were consisting diets with levels of 0. 52 (ROSS RECOMMENDATION 308), 0. 68 and 0. 83 present of arginine amino acids. Semen collection was performed every 14 days and in weeks 54, 56, 58 and 60 were tested. At the end of the trial, fatty acid profile of sperm was also evaluated. On week 56, semen volume in roosters with 0. 68 present arginine was higher than other treatments (P<0. 05). On week 60, levels of 0. 52 and 0. 68 percent arginine in semen volume, percentage of total and progressive motility were higher than the level of 0. 83 percent of arginine (P<0. 05). On week 58, the percentage of abnormal sperm were lower in 0. 68 and 0. 83 percent arginine treatment compared to 0. 52 percent arginine (P<0. 05). Semen concentration, sperm plasma membrane functionality and sperm fatty acid profile were not affected by treatments used in this study. It can be concluded that 0. 68 percent of arginine (30% higher than RECOMMENDATION) of diet improve some qualitative sperm parameters in aged broiler breeder roosters.

Background: The ROSS procedure has been known as a good method for aortic valve replacement. Pulmonary allograft postoperative stenosis subsequent to the ROSS procedure has been noted as an important disadvantage of this technique, although risk factors related to this complication are not clearly recognized. In this study we evaluate the risk factors of pulmonary allograft stenosis after ROSS procedure. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out on 42 patients who underwent the ROSS procedure. Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction was repaired using pulmonary allografts 22.7±2.5 mm in diameter. Echocardiographic and clinical examinations were performed for all patients at six and 12 months after surgery. Echocardiographic data as well as data related to the allografts were recorded.Results: The mean age of the patients was 28.5±10 years. Postoperative pulmonary valve stenosis was detected in 13 patients (31%). Nine patients (21.4%) had mild stenosis and four patients (9.5%) had moderate stenosis. No relationship was detected between the degree of stenosis and the size of allograft (p=0.08). There was a significant correlation between postoperative pulmonary stenosis and donor age (p=0.04). Predictive variables of pulmonary allograft stenosis after the ROSS procedure were low donor and recipient age (p=0.03 and 0.05, respectively).Conclusions: This study shows that the ROSS procedure has a rather low incidence of postoperative stenosis and is a suitable substitute for aortic valve replacement. Low donor age is associated with pulmonary allograft stenosis formation, perhaps due to greater viability of tissue cells from younger donors.

As the number of published geospatial resources in the web is increasing permanently, providing users with proper tools for search and discovery of these resource is of great importance. Geoportals are a type of web portals that enable users to find geospatial resources. However, when users search for a specific resource in existing geoportals, a wide range of unrelated results might be retrieved. Such results are often confusing, so that user has to spend a lot of time to find the most appropriate resource. In addition, working based on user desires and preferences has been considered as a fundamental characteristic of modern web applications.In this article, the capability of RECOMMENDATION is added to the geoportal. The RECOMMENDATION capability enhances the ability of geoportals which is able to recommend the most appropriate geospatial resources to users by considering their desires and preferences. In order to accomplish this purpose, a new solution with recommender systems is proposed. Recommender systems using knowledge derived from the users’ previous interactions can lead users to access resources that they are interested in. Collaborative filtering is a common technique used in recommender systems that deal with this problem. This method uses user rating data to extract the similarity between users or resources for making RECOMMENDATIONs. Moreover, mathematical functions are defined in order to improve the efficiency of the recommender geoportal process. The functions are designed according to the specifications of users and resources such as city, county and language, along with the distance between the user and resource.In addition, an operation of these functions is to obviate the cold-start problem in collaborative filtering. To evaluate the designed geoportal recommender, a recommender geoportal is implemented so that a user is able to profit the advantages and usage of its RECOMMENDATIONs. The obtained results indicate that the efficiency of recommender geoportals is improved compared with common geoportals.

RECOMMENDATION based systems can be used for recommending different web page, books, restaurants, tv shows, movies etc. The aim of movie RECOMMENDATION system is to recommend movies to different users based on their interests. This helps the user to save time browsing the internet looking for movies from the thousand already existing ones. Content-based RECOMMENDATION system describes the items that may be recommended to the user. Based on a data set, it predicts what movies a user will like considering the attributes present in the previously liked movies. RECOMMENDATION systems can recommend movies based on one or a combination of two or more attributes. While designing a movie RECOMMENDATION system various factors are considered such as the genre of the movie, the director or the actors present in it. In this paper, the RECOMMENDATION system has been built on cast, keywords, crew, and genres. A single column is created which will be the sum of all the 4 attributes, and it acts as a dominant factor for this movie recommender system.

Background - The ROSS operation, originally introduced as a scalloped subcoronary implant with an 80% survival and 85% freedom from reoperation, has recently been modified to a root replacement which is now the most commonly utilized implant technique. A review of our experience in assessing the mid-term results with the ROSS operation is presented. Methods - The records of 60 patients who had a ROSS operation at the Imam Khomeini Hospital of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (June 2001 to October 2002) were reviewed to assess the operative technique and patient-related factors on survival, autograft valve function, homograft valve function, valve-related complications, and need for reoperation. Results - Two patients were expired (one case in the operating room and the other one in hospital, 20 days after the operation with neurological disorder). The 2-year actuarial survival rate was 96.6%. At 2 years, 53 (91.3%) surviving patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class I and 5 (8.7%) were in NYHA functional class II. No significant aortic valve gradients were noted, and no pulmonary insufficiency, in all cases, was found. At 2 years, freedom from significant aortic regurgitation (grade 2 or more) was 98.3%. Freedom from significant pulmonary homograft stenosis (defined as a pulmonary gradient > 20 mmHg) was 100% at 2 years. Conclusion - The pulmonary autograft gives excellent mid-term results with low mortality and no morbidity. It completely relieves the abnormal loading conditions of the left ventricle, resulting in a complete recovery of left ventricular function in most patients.